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Hanzala ibn Abi Amir — Ghusl al-Mala'ika: The Companion Who Was Married the Night Before Uhud, Died in Battle Before His Ritual Bath, and Was Washed by the Angels

حَنظَلَةُ بنُ أَبِي عَامِر — غَسِيلُ الملَائِكَة: الصَّحَابِيُّ الَّذِي تَزَوَّجَ لَيلَةَ أُحُدٍ وَمَاتَ فِي المَعرَكَةِ قَبلَ اغتِسَالِهِ وَغَسَّلَتهُ الملَائِكَة
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Hanzala ibn Abi Amir al-Ansari al-Awsi (حَنظَلَةُ بنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الأَنصَارِيُّ الأَوسِيّ; d. 3 AH / 625 CE; from the Aws tribe of Medina; son of Abi Amir al-Rahib — a monk-like figure who opposed the Prophet; married Jamila bint Ubayy ibn Salul the night before the Battle of Uhud; in a state of ritual impurity from consummating his marriage; heard the call to battle before he could perform the ritual bath; rushed to the battlefield and fought until he was killed; the Prophet, informed by revelation, told his Companions that the angels had washed Hanzala's body — hence his title *Ghusl al-Mala'ika* [The One Washed by the Angels]) is the paradigmatic example in Islamic tradition of total self-giving: the man who went from the marriage bed to the battlefield without pause.

The Night Before

Hanzala ibn Abi Amir had married Jamila bint Ubayy ibn Salul — a daughter of the leader of the munafiqun of Medina, now married to a sincere Companion — on the night before Uhud. He consummated the marriage and therefore entered the state of ritual impurity (janaba) that required the major ritual bath (ghusl) before he could pray.

The call came at dawn. He went.


The Angels’ Report

After Uhud, the Prophet told his Companions: “I saw the angels washing Hanzala between heaven and earth with water from silver vessels.” He then asked his wife what had happened. She confirmed that he had left before performing his ghusl.

The narration: Hanzala left the marriage bed, went directly to the battlefield, fought, and was killed — still in the state of janaba. The angels performed what he had not had time to perform.


His Father’s Opposition

A poignant biographical note: Hanzala’s father, Abi Amir al-Rahib (the Monk), was among the most persistent opponents of the Prophet in Medina — a man who had expected to lead Medina’s spiritual life and found himself superseded. Abi Amir eventually went to fight on the Meccan side. Father and son were, at Uhud, on opposite sides of the battlefield.

See also: Seerah Sad Ibn Muadh, Seerah Qatada Ibn Al Numan, Seerah Usama Ibn Zayd, Seerah Julaybib, Seerah Uhud

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